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IN 1911, A Britisist named C. t. R. ilson udying cloud formations bytramping regularly to t of Ben Nevis, a famously damp Scottisain, o t be an easier o study clouds. Back in t an artificial cloud cen ting a reasonable model of a cloud in laboratory conditions.
t ional, unexpected benefit. ed an alpicle to seed left avisible trail—like trails of a passing airliner. invented ticle detector.
It provided convincing evidence t subatomic particles did indeed exist.
Eventually tists invented a more poon-beam device, Berkeley produced ron, or atom smasingly knoraptions ill o accelerate a proton or oticle to an extremely rack(sometimes circular, sometimes linear), t into anoticle and see ’s science at its subtlest, but it ive.
As ps built bigger and more ambitious maco find or postulateparticles or particle families seemingly number: muons, pions, ermediate vector bosons, baryons, tacs beganto grotle uncomfortable. “Young man,” Enrico Fermi replied asked icular particle, “if I could remember ticles, I .”
today accelerators sound like somettle: ton Syncron, tron-Positron Collider, tivistic s of energy (some operateonly at nig people in neigo o ness ts fadingicles into sucate of liveliness t asingle electron can do forty-seven tunnel in a second. Fears in tists migently create a black range quarks,” eract omic particles and propagate uncontrollably. If you are reading t happened.
Finding particles takes a certain amount of concentration. t just tiny and sbut also often tantalizingly evanescent. Particles can come into being and be gone again in aslittle as 0.000000000000000000000001 second (10-24). Even t sluggisableparticles han 0.0000001 second (10-7).
Some particles are almost ludicrously slippery. Every second ted by 10,000trillion trillion tiny, all but massless neutrinos (mostly s out by tually all of t t and everyt is on it,including you and me, as if it to trap just a feists need tankso 12.5 million gallons
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