sh in 1953.
In tinction—o transmit a crisp signal more t for time—but gave it up le future.
On t t ter took a post at McGill University in Montreal, and teady rise to greatness. By time igations into tegration of ts, and try of radioactivesubstances,” according to tation) o Mancer University,and it , t important ermining tructure and nature of tom.
1ted matician and steel baron in Victoriar England. In 1870, y ￡6,300 to build an experimental lab.
By tietury it atoms s—tron ablis—but it kno toget sook. Some ps t t atomsmigogetly any edspace. t an atom bun or aplum pudding: a dense, solid object t carried a positive c t udded ively crons, like ts in a currant bun.
In 1910, Ruted by udent er invent tion detector t bears oms, or alpicles, at as of gold foil.
2to Rutonis, some of ticles bounced back. It rebounded into his lap.
t not supposed to er considerable reflection ion: ticles t bounced back riking somet t of tom, om, Rutly empty space, ter.
t gratifying discovery, but it presented one immediate problem. By all tional poms s t.
Let us pause for a moment and consider tructure of tom as noom is made from tary particles: protons, rical crons, rical crons, rons are packed into trons spin aroundoutside. tons is om its city. An atom on is an atom of ons is ons is litime you add a proton you get a ne. (Because tons in an atom is alrons, you imes see it ten t it is trons t defines an element; it comes tot o me is t protons give an atom its identity,electrons its personality.)Neutrons don’t influence an atom’s identity, but to its mass. trons is generally about tons, but tly. Add a neutron or t an isotope. terms you odating teco isotopes—carbon-14, for instance, ons and eigrons (teen being two).
Neutrons and protons occupy tom’s nucleus. tom is tiny—only onemilliontom—but fantastically dense, since itcontains virtually all tom’s mass. As Cropper it, if an atom o t t a fly manytimes ed roominess—